How Old Is the Ethiopian Bible?
- Christianity
- Biblical History

How Old Is the Ethiopian Bible?
The Ethiopian Bible is one of the oldest and most unique versions of the Bible, with a rich history that dates back centuries. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church, which is one of the oldest Christian communities in the world, has used the Ethiopian Bible since the early centuries of Christianity. This Bible is notable for its inclusion of several books that are not found in the canonical texts of most other Christian denominations. The Ethiopian Bible is thought to date back to the 4th century AD when Christianity was first introduced to the region by Saint Frumentius, who became the first bishop of Ethiopia.
Development of the Ethiopian Bible
The Ethiopian Bible is based on the Ge'ez language, an ancient Semitic language once spoken in the region. The canon of the Ethiopian Bible includes 81 books, making it larger than the Bible used by most Christian denominations, which typically includes 66 books. The Ethiopian Bible includes additional texts, such as the Book of Enoch, the Book of Jubilees, and the Shepherd of Hermas, which are not found in the Catholic or Protestant Bibles (Ephesians 3:5).
The Ethiopian Orthodox Canon
The Ethiopian Orthodox Church has one of the most expansive and diverse canons in Christianity. In addition to the standard Old and New Testaments, the Ethiopian Bible includes several additional books. These texts are considered authoritative by the Ethiopian Church and are part of the foundation of Ethiopian Christian practice. The inclusion of books such as Enoch and Jubilees sets the Ethiopian Bible apart from the canons of other Christian traditions (2 Timothy 3:16).
Historical Importance of the Ethiopian Bible
The Ethiopian Bible is deeply intertwined with the history of Christianity in Ethiopia, which is one of the first nations to officially adopt Christianity. The Bible was translated into Ge'ez, an ancient language used in Ethiopia, and has been preserved in monasteries for centuries. The Bible has played a central role in Ethiopian Christian life, with copies of the scriptures being meticulously preserved and passed down through generations. The Ethiopian Bible is not only a religious text but also an important cultural artifact that reflects the spiritual and historical heritage of Ethiopia (Acts 8:27-39).
Conclusion
The Ethiopian Bible is one of the oldest and most distinctive Bibles in Christianity, dating back to the 4th century AD. It includes 81 books, many of which are not found in other Christian Bibles. The Ethiopian Bible's ancient history and its unique canon make it an essential part of the heritage of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, reflecting the enduring legacy of early Christian influence in Ethiopia (Isaiah 19:24, Matthew 28:19-20).
Why Did God Create Us?
Why Did God Create Us?God created humanity to reflect His image, enjoy a relationship with Him, and fulfill His purposes on Earth. This profound truth is rooted in Scripture, beginning with the creation account in Genesis 1:26-28, where God declares, "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness."Reasons for Creation1. To Reflect His Glory: Humanity was created to display God’s character and glory. Being made in His image means reflecting His attributes such as love, justice, and creativity.2. For Relationship: God desires fellowship with humanity. In John 17:3, Jesus states, "And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God."3. To Fulfill His Purposes: God gave humanity the mandate to steward creation and be fruitful, multiplying His blessings throughout the Earth (Genesis 1:28).Why This MattersUnderstanding that God created us with purpose and for relationship offers hope, meaning, and direction in life, encouraging believers to live in alignment with His will.
Blessed AppWhat Were Jesus’ Last Words?
What Were Jesus’ Last Words?The final words of Jesus on the cross are recorded in the Gospels and reveal His fulfillment of God’s plan, His compassion for others, and His trust in the Father. These sayings, often called the "Seven Last Words," provide profound insight into His suffering and love.The Seven Last Words1. "Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do" (Luke 23:34): Jesus prays for those who crucified Him, demonstrating His mercy.2. "Verily I say unto thee, Today shalt thou be with me in paradise" (Luke 23:43): Jesus assures the repentant thief of eternal life.3. "Woman, behold thy son! ... Behold thy mother!" (John 19:26-27): Jesus entrusts His mother, Mary, to the care of the disciple John.4. "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" (Matthew 27:46): Jesus expresses the weight of bearing humanity’s sin.5. "I thirst" (John 19:28): A reflection of both physical suffering and spiritual fulfillment of Scripture.6. "It is finished" (John 19:30): Jesus declares the completion of His mission of salvation.7. "Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit" (Luke 23:46): Jesus entrusts Himself to the Father in His final moments.Why This MattersJesus’ last words reveal His unwavering obedience to God’s will and His deep love for humanity. They provide comfort, hope, and a call to trust in God’s redemptive plan.
Blessed AppHow Does God Impute His Righteousness to Us in Orthodoxy?
How Does God Impute His Righteousness to Us in Orthodoxy?In Orthodox Christianity, God’s righteousness is imparted to believers through a process of union with Him, emphasizing transformation and participation in divine life rather than a legal declaration. This differs from the forensic perspective common in Western traditions.Orthodox Understanding of RighteousnessTheosis (Deification): Orthodox theology teaches that believers are called to partake in God’s divine nature, as described in 2 Peter 1:4. This process transforms their lives to reflect God’s righteousness.Sacramental Life: Baptism, Eucharist, and confession are means by which believers receive grace, enabling them to grow in righteousness.Faith and Works: Righteousness involves synergy—human effort working alongside God’s grace (Philippians 2:12-13).ConclusionIn Orthodoxy, God’s righteousness is imparted through the transformative process of theosis, empowering believers to live holy lives through grace, sacraments, and spiritual growth.
Blessed AppDid Jesus Speak Hebrew?
Did Jesus Speak Hebrew?Yes, Jesus likely spoke Hebrew, along with Aramaic and possibly some Greek. Hebrew was the liturgical and religious language of His time, used in Scripture readings and synagogue worship. Aramaic, however, was the common spoken language in first-century Palestine, and Greek was widely used for trade and governance.Biblical Evidence of Jesus Speaking HebrewHebrew in Religious Contexts: Jesus frequently quoted the Hebrew Scriptures, indicating His familiarity with the language. For example, in Luke 4:16-21, He read from the scroll of Isaiah in the synagogue, likely in Hebrew.Aramaic as a Common Language: Jesus’ everyday conversations were probably in Aramaic, as evidenced by phrases such as "Talitha cumi" (Mark 5:41) and "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?" (Matthew 27:46).Greek for Wider Communication: In areas with significant Hellenistic influence, such as Galilee, Jesus may have used Greek when interacting with non-Jews.The Role of Language in Jesus’ MinistryJesus’ ability to navigate multiple languages reflects the cultural diversity of His time. His use of Hebrew for Scripture, Aramaic for daily life, and possibly Greek for broader communication allowed Him to connect with various audiences.ConclusionYes, Jesus spoke Hebrew, particularly in religious contexts. Alongside Aramaic and possibly Greek, His use of language demonstrated His connection to both Jewish tradition and the multicultural environment of His ministry.
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